Page 117 - Arts Innovation Report_2022_May11

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知識產權，包括版權、商標、專利和外觀設計 等都 IP rights including copyright, trademark, patent, and design are all Preface
vehicles of trade for creativity. Of those, copyright protects the 前 言
是創意的貿易載體。其中，版權保障了創意思想的表
expression of an idea, which is why for the CCI, where creativity
達，創意思想的表達在文創產業中往往以書籍、歌
often takes shape in books, songs, films, paintings, performances, CH. 1
曲、電影、畫作、表演、廣播等形式呈現，這些創意
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broadcasts, etc., copyright is particularly important. 第一章
作品均受到版權保護，也說明了為何版權在文創產業
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中非常重要。 Copyright constitutes the basis for most economic activities in the CH. 2
CCI. This is because the CCI primarily, though not exclusively, relies 第二章
版權構成了文創產業中大部分經濟活動的基礎。這是 on copyright to assert ownership in original and intangible
因為文創產業主要依靠版權來表現對原創及抽象形式 expressions to generate monetary gains, a feature not shared by other CH. 3
作品的擁有權，並藉此進行貿易產生經濟效益，這是 industries (Erickson, 2018). It is estimated that the average 第三章
contribution of copyright industries to GDP is 5.54% worldwide
其他行業所不具備的特徵（Erickson，2018）。調查
(WIPO, 2021), and that these industries are key drivers of innovation.
顯示，全球版權產業對國內生產總值的貢獻平均為 CH. 4
5.54%（WIPO，2021），而這些產業恰恰是創新的 第四章
But copyrights have very little value on their own. Instead, they must
關鍵動力。 be commercially exploited for creators to derive economic benefit.
Commercial exploitation of copyright is when creators gain the CH. 5
第五章
然而版權本身並不具備很大的價值，版權必須透過商
market value of their work through licensing, merchandising, and/or
業利用開發才可以供創作者獲得經濟利益。而版權的 franchising (IPD, 2017). Essentially, copyrighted works need to be
商業利用則是指創作者通過授權、商品銷售和 / 或特 traded to generate income and value for creators.
許經營獲得市場價值（IPD，2017）。基本上，受版
A competitive creative economy is thus underpinned by IP and its
權保護的作品需要進行交易才能為創作者創造收入和
contribution to economic and cultural development. This is
價值。
becoming more apparent as the CCI becomes increasingly interwoven
with the digital sphere, which propels us to think about how the IP
因此，知識產權及其為經濟與文化發展所帶來的貢
regime can accommodate more innovative technologies, as well as
獻，對一個具競爭的創意經濟不可或缺。隨着文創產 47
encourage more lucrative trading across and beyond the CCI.
業與數字化日益交織，這一特徵也會越來越明顯。這
也促使我們去思考，知識產權制度能夠如何容納更多
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的創新技術，並鼓勵更多的交易。

45 除了版權外，其他知識產權都亦和文創產業相關，例如商標可反映出品牌的價值、專利保護技術發明、外觀設計也可以保護商品的外形（如形狀及圖案）。
Besides copyright, other IP rights are relevant to the CCI, such as trademark that reflects brand value, patents that apply to tech invention, and designs that cover the appearance (e.g., visible shape and pattern) of products.
46 文學與藝術作品在創造時已自動地受版權的保護。有別於商標、專利和外觀設計，版權不需註冊也會成立有效的保護。
Literary and artistic works are automatically protected by copyright upon creation. Unlike trademark, patent and design, copyright does not need to be registered for effective protection.
47 知識產權的交易指買賣、授權及整體的知識產權商品化。
IP trading refers to the buying, selling, licensing and overall commercialisation of IP rights.
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